Serum minerals and lipid profiles of type 2 diabetic and hypertensive out-patients at a University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria
Keyword : Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, minerals, metabolic disorders
Author(s) : Ekwunoh, P.O., Edeogu, S.C., Onochie, A.U., Alaebo, P.O., Ezeigwe, O.C And Mbadugha, N.N
Abstract : Diabetes and hypertension are important clinical conditions which are also independent risk factors for other diseases. Some anthropometric indices, plasma lipid profile and mineral levels were compared amongst 150 Out-patients with type 2 diabetes (DM), hypertension (HBP), and hypertensive diabetes (HBP+DM), and 50 apparently diabetes- and hypertension-free (controls) at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were determined using standard methods. Trace elements (chromium, copper, magnesium and zinc) were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS), while sodium and potassium were determined by flame photometry. Results showed that the DM (28.28±8.99 kg/m2) and HBP+DM (27.38±4.41 kg/m2) patients had non-significantly higher BMI levels compared to the HBP (26.00±4.05 kg/m2) and controls (26.18±3.88 kg/m2), while SBP and DBP were significantly higher in the HBP (153.02±28.42 and 94.04±12.40 mmHg) and HBP+DM (133.24±11.04 and 87.36±10.58 mmHg) patients than in DM (111.20±8.75 and 71.40±8.30 mmHg) and controls (116.68±11.56 and 76.60±1.80 mmHg). Also, TC and LDL-C concentrations of the DM (4.19±0.87 and 2.48±0.73 mmol/L), HBP (4.45±0.63 and 2.73±0.58 mmol/L) and HBP+DM (4.60±0.98 and 2.72 mmol/L) patients were significantly higher than those of the control subjects (3.72±0.37 and 1.56±0.53 mmol/L), while the patients’ HDL-C and TG levels were non-significantly elevated compared to the control group values. Na concentrations of the HBP+DM group was significantly (p0.05) affect the levels of the parameters studied in the patient groups. The results call for early diagnosis and monitoring of dyslipidaemia in these group of patients for better prognosis.